• 1 Dec 2014, 1:31 p.m.

    Given that there's been some discussion lately about chromo movements, especially comparing the ETA-Valjoux 7750 movement used in earlier IWC chronos (like Porsche Design) ones to IWC's modern in-house Calibre 8936x, I thought a few technical words might be helpful:

    First, on general function the 7750 is considered, within the industry, as a "tractor". It is an extremely durable and well-functioning movement. Its basic design is used as a starting point in the design of several other movements, including most recently a limited production time-only movement produced by an Austrian watchmaker.

    On "optics" --how the movement appears, the 7750 is not considered as especially attractive. This is one reason that you seldom see the movement behind a display back. In my opinion, you shouldn't necessarily get fooled by plating or blued-screws. On the latter, there are two ways of producing them --dipping them in a chemical bath (almost like painting them) or having each screw heat-treated until the metal turns blue. The look is virtually the same, but from an artisan perspective the chemical treating isn't considered as special. On plating, it's easy to do and costs a few cents. Gold plating isn't materially more expensive than, say, nickel plating and probably less costly (but again within a few cents) of rhodium plating. The old pocket watch movements usually used brass bridges without plating, and they both work fine but have survived for many decades.

    On movement decoration, most of the difference here is simply optics. To those who don't like the appearance of the 7750 (with its cams and springs) the decoration really is like making a silk purse out of a sow's ear. But to me, I think some decoration can be visually special. Anglage, the polishing of edges, is important but subtle (and most movements today, except very high end ones, use "stamped" anglage). I personally like perlage, those little circles, and stripes can be nice. There are may forms of movement decoration, and you can find more by searching on the Net.

    Finally, and this the big finally-- movement design is important to purists, specially that more expensive chronographs use a column wheel. In the early days of this forum, I staunchly defended the 7750's design vs. the classical column-wheel chronograph design, since the differences are subtle. One writer describes the differences as follows:

    "Column wheel movements are expensive to produce and require very fine adjustment to function properly, so for mass-produced inexpensive movements a simpler solution was required. Several options were introduced; the most popular are cam and lever (or coulisse), and shuttle cam (or navette). Essentially they replace the column wheel with a series of levers, pawls and arms that mesh together with an eccentric cam. Adjustment and repair is much simpler and production is cheaper too, as the tolerances can be a little looser than in a column wheel. While not really any “worse” than a column wheel (the simpler repair is certainly a plus), modern tastes and marketing have made column wheel designs the top tier of chronographs and workhorse lever-actuated movements have become common in less expensive mass-produced watches. The ubiquitous Valjoux 7750 uses cam and lever, while Lemania-based calibres often have navette systems."

    There are functional differences as well. Many cam-designed chronos have a jump when they start which will be avoided with a column wheel. Also a column wheel design allows for the use of a "vertical clutch" which allows the movement to avoid losing amplitude when the chrono is running --in theory avoiding any difference (usually relatively small) in accuracy over extended periods of chrono use. You can tell a column wheel from a mile away, and a nice image shown on World Tempus (not of an IWC movement) is this one, with blue added:

    cdn-us-cf.yottaa.net/517e7ece86305e2fc50000a5/en.worldtempus.com/v~b.8c/sites/default/files/styles/789w/public/column-wheel_0.jpg?itok=NvDi1_dB&yocs=_&yoloc=us

  • Connoisseur
    1 Dec 2014, 6:35 p.m.

    Thanks for the nice summary, Michael. The photo might show the Seiko-based TH-movement?

  • Master
    1 Dec 2014, 7:45 p.m.

    And again we learn! Thank you MF for sharing the wisdom.

  • Apprentice
    1 Dec 2014, 7:45 p.m.

    Hello Michael

    Now I see, I seem to have touched a soft spot in the respective discussion. I guess there is no arguing about tastes.

    One point I think should be mentioned nevertheless: It is a very common opinion that the reason why many ETA-based luxury watches did not show the (for the typical buyer quite spectacular) technique of a rotor and a balance spring was a different one: Most of the brands used the same movement in 80ies and 90ies - the 7750 for Chronos. It would have been very embarrassing to show this to the buyer, because it would immediately have raised the question why there are so many different price levels. Or why a factory is calling it self "Manufacture", knowing now that the base calibre used was essentially the same.

    This policy was and still is pursued also by IWC: Only movements produced by IWC are shown behind a glass back, ETA, Piaget or Sellita movements are wisely hidden behind a solid back (with the exception of the 80110, which is essentially only an ETA-calibre with Pellaton-Winding). It has nothing to do with the perceived beauty.

    Also, it would not be reasonable to decorate or plate a movement in order to hide its "ugliness", if is hidden after a solid back anyway. Blued screws and golden finishing simply symbolizes the high quality and passion in production. Also Lange makes use of these symbols, and in the earlier days IWC made substantial improvements to the 7750, so I think it was correct to make use of it.

    Sometimes I feel that IWC lost the sense for when to show a movement and when not. If you look at the Portofino 8 days for example, I simply can't understand why anyone would like to see this almost completely covered back through a sapphire glass.

  • Master
    2 Dec 2014, 5:23 a.m.

    Michael,
    Thanks for yet another very interesting article. I love watching the operation of a column wheel. I am fortunate to have Lemania, Valjoux, Dubois-Dépraz/Kelek and Landeron based chronographs in my collection.

  • Master
    2 Dec 2014, 6:15 a.m.

    Another MF article archived in my IWC files. Thanks Michael. Still climbing up the learning curve.

  • Master
    2 Dec 2014, 9:37 a.m.

    Thx Michael for this very informative article. A welcome supplement for my IWC archive.
    Best,
    -Christian

  • 2 Dec 2014, 9:39 a.m.

    Thanks for the article Michael. It's always a pleasure to add knowledge.

    Cheers Chris

  • 2 Dec 2014, 9:54 a.m.

    Interesting point (516107 is on top of my bucketlist)does someone know why it is like this...almost completely covered and having a display back?
    Sorry, to go off the topic a little bit.

    Cheers Chris

  • Master